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Description
nematode steinernema feltiae for indoor plants Steinernema feltiae Nematodes – Bugs for GrowersSteinernema feltiae is a cold tolerant nematode that can infect and kill insects as low as 10C temperature. This nematode uses an intermediate foraging strategy that is between the ambush and cruiser type. This nematode is most effective against mushroom flies and fungus gnats in mushroom houses and greenhouses, respectively. Facts (show all) Effective against the following pests Beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua Codling moth, Cydia pomonella Colorado
Steinernema feltiae is a cold tolerant nematode that can infect and kill insects as low as 10°C temperature. This nematode uses an intermediate foraging strategy that is between the ambush and cruiser type. This nematode is most effective against mushroom flies and fungus gnats in mushroom houses and greenhouses, respectively.
Facts (show all)
- Key factors for Steinernema feltiae nematode effectiveness
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- Steinernema feltiae nematode infective juveniles carry species specific symbiotic bacteria Xenorhabdus bovienii in their gut as weapon to kill their insect hosts.
- For searching insect host, this nematode uses intermediate foraging strategy that lies between ambush and cruiser foraging strategies.
- As other species of entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema feltiae nematodes also enter their insect host’s body cavity through the natural openings such as mouth, anus and spiracles. Once in the cavity, infective juveniles release their symbiotic bacteria Xenorhabdus bovienii, which multiplies rapidly in the insect blood, causes septicemia and kill its host within 48 hours of infection.
- Steinernema feltiae nematodes are very good in reducing the populations of fungus gnats by infecting and killing their immature stages both in the greenhouses and the potted house plants. Steinernema feltiae nematodes are very effective in controlling mushroom flies by infecting and killing their immature stages in the mushroom houses.
- The temperature range for this nematode’s activity and infection is a very wide ranging from 50 °F (10 °C) to 77 °C (25 °C).
- How Steinernema feltiae nematodes work in greenhouses, mushroom houses and fields?
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- When infective juveniles of Steinernema feltiae are applied in any setup like greenhouses, mushroom houses or fields, they start looking for their host using intermediate foraging strategy. Once they locate their host, they enter host’s body through the natural openings such as mouth, anus and spiracles.
- Then in the body cavity (which is filled with insect blood), they release their symbiotic bacteria X. bovienii, which multiplies rapidly causes septicemia and kill its host within 48 hours of infection. Thus they reduce the emergence of the next generation adults of their insect host.
- Why we need Steinernema feltiae nematodes?
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Steinernema feltiae nematodes work better than other nematode species against different pests at temperature as low as 50 °F (10 °C) in both greenhouses and mushroom houses. They have a wide range of hosts. After application in any setup, they can actively search for their host. They can kill their host within 24-48 hours after infection. They can be easily applied using traditional pesticide application sprayers for large areas or water cans small areas.
- Why they are safer than traditional pesticides
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- they do not damage plants
- can be used and applied around children and pets
- do not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application
- food products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with nematodes
- they do not harm humans, animals, beneficial insects (ie. honey bees), microbial communities and other beneficial nematodes
- Research Papers
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- Adel, M. M. and Hussein, H. M. 2010. Effectiveness of entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora on the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 43:1485-1494.
- Buitenhuis, R. and Shipp, J.L. 2005. Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Nematode Steinernema feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) as Influenced by Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Developmental Stage and Host Plant Stage. Journal of Economic Entomology 98:1480-1485.
- Cuthbertson, A.G., Walters, K.F., Northing, P., and Luo, W. 2007. Efficacy of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema feltiae, against sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) under laboratory and glasshouse conditions. Bulletin of Entomology Research 97:9-14.
- Gouge, D.H., Hague, N.G.M., 1994. Control of sciarids in glass and propagation houses with Steinernema feltiae. Brighton Crop Protection Conference: Pest Dis. 3, 1073-1078.
- Gouge, D.H., Hague, N.G.M., 1995. Glasshouse control of fungus gnats, Bradysia paupera, on fuchsias by Steinernema feltiae. Fundam. Appl. Nematol. 18, 77-80.
- Grewal, P.S., Richardson, P.N., 1993. Effects of application rates of Steinernema feltiae (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) on control of the mushroom sciarid fly, Lycoriella auripila (Diptera: Sciaridae). Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 3, 29-40.
- Grewal, P.S., Tomalak, M., Keil, C.B.O., Gaugler, R., 1993. Evaluation of a genetically selected strain of Steinernema feltiae against the mushroom sciarid fly, Lycoriella mali. Ann. Appl. Biol. 123, 695-702.
- Harris, M.A., Oetting, R.D., Gardner, W.A., 1995. Use of entomopathogenic nematodes and new monitoring technique for control of fungus gnats, Bradysia coprophila (Diptera: Sciaridae), in floriculture. Biol. Control 5, 412-418.
- Kaya, H.K. 1985. Susceptibility of early larval stages of Pseudaletia unipuncta and Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to the entomogenous nematode Steinernema feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 46: 58–62.
- Jagdale, G. B., Casey, M. L., Grewal, P. S. and Lindquist, R. K. 2004. Application rate and timing, potting medium and host plant on the efficacy of Steinernema feltiae against the fungus gnat, Bradysia coprophila, in floriculture. Biological Control. 29: 296-305.
- Jagdale, G. B., Casey, M. L., Grewal, P. S. and Luis Cañas. 2007. Effect of entomopathogenic nematode species, split application and potting medium on the control of the fungus gnat, Bradysia difformis (Diptera: Sciaridae), in the greenhouse at alternating cold and warm temperatures. Biol. Control. 43: 23-30.
- Kim, H.H., Choo, H.Y., Kaya, H.K., Lee, D.W., Lee, S.M., Jeon, H.Y., 2004. Steinernema carpocapsae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) as a biological control agent against the fungus gnat Bradysia agrestis (Diptera: Sciaridae) in propogation houses. Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 14, 171-183.
- Lindquist R., Piatkowski J. 1993. Evaluation of entomopathogenic nematodes for control of fungus gnat larvae. Bull. Int. Organiz. Biol. Integr. Control Noxious Animals and Plants. 16, 97-100.
- Lindquist, R.K., Faber, W.R., Casey, M.L., 1985. Effect of various soilless root media and insecticides on fungus gnats. HortScience. 20, 358-360.
- Oetting, R.D., Latimer, J.G., 1991. An entomogenous nematode Steinernema carpocapsae is compatible with potting media environments created by horticultural practices. J. Entomol. Sci. 26, 390-394.
- Richardson, P.N., Grewal, P.S., 1991. Comparative assessment of biological (Nematoda: Steinernema feltiae) and chemical methods of control of mushroom fly, Lycoriella auripila (Diptera: Sciaridae). Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 1, 217-228.
- Tomalak, M., Piggott, S. and Jagdale, G. B. 2005. Glasshouse applications. In: Nematodes As Biocontrol Agents. Grewal, P.S. Ehlers, R.-U., Shapiro-Ilan, D. (eds.). CAB publishing, CAB International, Oxon. Pp 147- 166.
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4.6 ★★★★★
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
Great Protection w/out the White Cast
Style: SPF 50, Size: 3 Fl Oz (Pack of 1)
We had been using the ThinkBaby mineral sunscreen for years. I wanted to look for a similar alternative but with less white cast. I actually bought this on a whim because it had the fastest shipping at the time (needed it for an outdoor event we were going to). We are now three purchases deep with this product. In my opinion, I think it gives the same amount of sun protection as before without the white cast. It rubs in great. Non-greasy. Initially, the lack of added fragrance was a little off-putting because we were so used to the typical coconut or citrus scents, but we all got used to it. Definitely on my list of subscription purchases now. I wish it was available in a larger size.
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Reviewed in the United States on October 31, 2025
★★★★★ 5
Smells good, covers well, it does leave a white sheen, I don’t need to reapply.
Style: SPF 50, Size: 3 Fl Oz (Pack of 1)
I use this just once on my face in the morning, apply makeup over it, and I haven’t burned yet! Been using it for two years now. Unfortunate thing is that my face is not tan at all because it doesn’t allow any rays. LOL So I my makeup has to match the rest of my body… I stay under an umbrella at the beach for about half of the time that I’m there. Otherwise I am out in the sun. And I do not reapply this. I am in the sun between the hours of 9 and 1 PM and I’m in and out of the shade and sun half of the time. Still no burning. Actually I don’t think I reapplied it at all once I got home from the beach and I was out at the pool regularly for another hour with no shade. So it seems to be pretty darn good! Some people say they don’t like the smell, but I specifically bought it because I love love love the coconut smell. My daughter says it smells like bananas but I don’t like the smell of bananas and I don’t think it smells like that.
It does definitely leave a white sheen. Hence my need for make up.
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Reviewed in the United States on July 20, 2021
★★★★★ 5
Great for Hawaii!
Style: SPF 50, Size: 3 Fl Oz (Pack of 1)
I spent hours trying to find a sunscreen that was “reef safe” since I was going to be spending a lot of time near corals and this was the best one I found. It doesn’t have any of the 3 ‘O’ ingredients that are known to damage reefs. And the zinc is non nano as well.
Sunscreen goes on easily. One of the better mineral sunscreens I’ve tried, this one actually smooths out like lotion and feels hydrating. Only leaves a slight pinkish hue, but that is inevitable with mineral sunscreens (that’s literally how they work in reflecting the sun). I could feel it on even in the ocean so I get protected, but still reapplied almost every 2 hours. No burns!
I didn’t use it on my face but my partner did and it never stung his eyes nor caused any breakouts!
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Reviewed in the United States on May 25, 2021
★★★★★ 4
Stick format is thick and difficult to rub in moderate climates
Style: SPF 50, Size: 1 count (Pack of 1)
I wanted to like it because the small stick format seemed very convenient to keep in my bag for emergency sunscreen reapplication with no chance of leaks.
But I think I have learned my lesson about stick sunscreen - in order to hold together in a stick, it has to have a thick and chalky consistency. Which makes it hard to apply and hard to rub in. It's so thick that if I rub the stick over my entire face it feels like I'm applying way too much with a super heavy white cast, and if I dab here and there and try to spread it around, it's so thick it doesn't feel like it spreads into good coverage. The scent is fine.
Update: I have found a specific use case for this - in extreme UV conditions like the equatorial tropics in midsummer, it's a good base layer under a more liquid mineral sunscreen, to add extra protection to the most exposed skin, like tops of shoulders, chest, nose and top of forehead. The thickness makes it protect better. It also softens a little and rubs in better in hot temps.
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Reviewed in the United States on October 8, 2025
★★★★★ 5
Needs to be warmed, but works great for quick face re-application
Style: SPF 50, Size: 1 count (Pack of 1)
I love mineral sunscreen, it really works the best. But I also do not love mineral sunscreen because it's hard to apply. I don't think it matters what you do, they're just always difficult to apply and always leaving the white. This one isn't much different.
I'm a scuba diver and my face sunscreen is washed off quickly doing multiple dives. I also get a weird "mask sunburn" if I don't reapply... but since I'm a diver I can't bring myself to buy or wear sunscreen that's not reef safe into the ocean. I was unsure if this would work because it's pretty solid. I threw it in my bag and once the sun warmed it up a little, I was able to apply it fairly easily between dives. I don't think it works unless it's warmed a bit first, but I like it for this purpose.
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Reviewed in the United States on October 26, 2025
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